📜 澳洲遗产认证Probate怎么申请？2026维州步骤、法院费用和时间全攻略 | How to Apply for Probate in Australia: Victoria 2026 Steps, Court Fees and Timeline

【本文摘要】

• ✅ 遗产认证（Probate）是州最高法院确认遗嘱有效、并授权遗嘱执行人处理遗产的法律文件。
  A grant of probate is the Supreme Court’s confirmation that a will is valid and that the executor may deal with the estate.
• ✅ 澳洲各州各自办理；本文以维多利亚州为例，维州通过最高法院的 RedCrest-Probate 网上系统申请。
  Each Australian state runs its own process; this guide uses Victoria, where applications are made online through the Supreme Court’s RedCrest-Probate system.
• ✅ 递交前必须先在网上刊登「申请意向通知」，至少满 15 天后才能递交。
  You must publish an online notice of intention to apply and wait at least 15 days before filing.
• ✅ 2026–27 年度维州法院费按遗产价值收取：维州资产低于 $250,000 免收，$50 万至 $100 万为 $1,088。
  Victorian court fees for 2026–27 depend on estate value: nil under $250,000 and $1,088 for $500,000 to under $1 million.
• ✅ 不是每个遗产都必须办 Probate，要看资产怎么持有、银行等机构怎么要求。
  Not every estate needs probate; it depends on how assets were held and what institutions require.

作者：Chun Qiu | 维多利亚州执业律师 | HWC Legal Melbourne
最后更新：2026年11月

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📜 遗产认证不是「走个形式」，而是执行人的第一道保护
Probate Is Not Just Paperwork — It Is the Executor’s First Layer of Protection

家人刚走，很多人最先遇到的问题是：银行冻结了账户，房子过不了户，到底要不要办 Probate？
When a family member dies, the first practical question is often why the bank has frozen the account and the house cannot be transferred — and whether probate is needed.
我们的观点是：该办就尽早办，拖得越久，资产越难处理，家人之间也越容易起争议。
Our view: if probate is needed, start early — delay makes assets harder to deal with and family disputes more likely.

📑 目录 Contents

1. 什么是 Probate What probate is
2. 什么情况需要办 When you need it
3. 谁来申请 Who applies
4. 维州申请步骤 Steps in Victoria
5. 2026–27 法院费用 Court fees
6. 需要多长时间 How long it takes
7. 拿到 Probate 以后 After the grant
8. 海外执行人和海外资产 Overseas issues
9. 执行人的责任 Executor duties
10. 其他州怎么办 Other states
11. 常见错误 Common mistakes
12. 常见问题 FAQ

🏛️ 什么是遗产认证 Probate
What Is a Grant of Probate

一句话理解
In one sentence

Probate 是最高法院发出的「遗产授权书」，证明这份遗嘱是逝者最后一份有效遗嘱，并确认谁是遗嘱执行人。
Probate is a grant from the Supreme Court proving that the will is the deceased’s last valid will and confirming who the executor is.
拿到它以后，银行、过户机构、股票登记处等才会把资产交给执行人处理。
Once issued, banks, land registries and share registries will usually release assets to the executor.

没有遗嘱怎么办
If there is no will

如果逝者没有留下有效遗嘱，申请的不是 Probate，而是「遗产管理书」（Letters of Administration），遗产按法定顺序分配。
If there is no valid will, the application is for Letters of Administration instead, and the estate passes under the intestacy rules.
详细可看我们的 维州遗产管理书指南。
See our Letters of Administration guide for Victoria.

🔎 什么情况需要办，什么情况可能不用
When You Need Probate — and When You May Not

维州最高法院明确说明：人去世后并没有「自动必须办 Probate」的规定，是否需要取决于资产怎么持有、以及持有资产的机构有什么要求。
The Supreme Court of Victoria states there is no automatic requirement to apply for probate; it depends on how assets were held and what the institutions holding them require.

资产类型 Asset	通常是否需要 Probate Usually needed?
逝者单独名下的房产 Real estate in the deceased’s sole name	通常需要 Usually yes
和配偶以「共同共有」（joint tenants）持有的房产 Property held as joint tenants	通常不需要，自动归在世共有人 Usually not — passes to the survivor
以「按份共有」（tenants in common）持有的份额 A tenants-in-common share	通常需要，按遗嘱处理 Usually yes — passes under the will
银行存款 Bank accounts	看银行内部门槛，各家不同 Depends on each bank’s own threshold
养老金 Superannuation	一般由基金按受益人提名或规则支付，不一定经过遗嘱 Usually paid by the fund under a nomination or its rules, not necessarily via the will
股票 Shares	通常看金额和股票登记处要求 Depends on value and registry requirements

👤 谁来申请
Who Applies

Probate 由遗嘱里指定的遗嘱执行人（executor）申请，申请人须年满 18 岁。
Probate is applied for by the executor named in the will, who must be over 18.
住在维州以外、甚至澳洲以外的执行人，也可以通过网上系统申请。
Executors living outside Victoria, or even outside Australia, can still apply online.
维州最高法院表示很多人自己申请、不请律师，但遗产复杂、有争议或涉及海外时，建议先咨询。
The Court notes many people apply without a lawyer, but advice is recommended where the estate is complex, disputed or has overseas elements.

📝 维州申请步骤（RedCrest-Probate）
Step-by-Step in Victoria (RedCrest-Probate)

第 1 步：准备文件
Step 1: Gather documents

• 遗嘱和任何遗嘱附录（codicil）的原件。
  The original will and any codicils.
• 死亡证明（显示死因的版本）。
  The death certificate showing the cause of death.
• 逝者资产和债务清单。
  A list of the deceased’s assets and liabilities.
• 遗嘱中提到的人的联系方式。
  Contact details for people named in the will.

第 2 步：开设账户并刊登意向通知
Step 2: Open an account and advertise

在 RedCrest-Probate 开设账户，通过系统在网上刊登「申请意向通知」（notice of intention to apply）。
Create a RedCrest-Probate account and publish an online notice of intention to apply through the system.
通知必须在线上满至少 15 天，之后才能递交申请。
The notice must be online for at least 15 days before you can file.

第 3 步：宣誓书和资产清单
Step 3: Affidavit and inventory

刊登后，系统会生成宣誓书（affidavit）和资产负债清单（inventory）。
After advertising, the system generates the affidavit and the inventory of assets and liabilities.
宣誓书要在有资格的见证人面前签署，也可以预约在法院签。
The affidavit must be sworn before an authorised witness, or you can book an appointment at the Court.

第 4 步：网上递交并寄送遗嘱原件
Step 4: File online and post the original will

把宣誓书、遗嘱、死亡证明和资产清单分别扫描上传，提交并付费（如需）。
Scan and upload the affidavit, will, death certificate and inventory as separate files, then submit and pay any fee.
申请 Probate 还必须把遗嘱原件、证物证明书和系统生成的 originating motion 邮寄给法院。
For probate you must also post the original will, the certificate identifying exhibits and the originating motion generated by RedCrest-Probate.

第 5 步：回复补充要求
Step 5: Respond to requisitions

Probate 办公室审核后如有疑问，会通过邮件要求补充资料，按时回复可以避免拖延。
If the Probate Office has questions it will email you for more information; replying promptly avoids delay.

💰 2026–27 年度维州法院费用
Victorian Court Fees for 2026–27

维州的申请费按逝者在维州的资产总值（gross value）计算，以下为 2026年7月1日至2027年6月30日适用的收费。
The Victorian fee is based on the gross value of the deceased’s Victorian assets; the figures below apply from 1 July 2026 to 30 June 2027.

维州资产总值 Gross Victorian assets	法院费 Court fee
低于 $250,000 Under $250,000	$0
$250,000 – 低于 $500,000	$544.00
$500,000 – 低于 $1,000,000	$1,088.00
$1,000,000 – 低于 $2,000,000	$2,538.70
$2,000,000 – 低于 $3,000,000	$5,077.40
$3,000,000 – 低于 $5,000,000	$7,598.80
$5,000,000 – 低于 $7,000,000	$12,693.40
$7,000,000 及以上 $7,000,000 or more	$17,770.80

法院费不包括律师费；其他州的收费标准不同，请以当地最高法院公布为准。
Court fees do not include legal fees, and other states charge differently, so check the local Supreme Court schedule.

⏳ 需要多长时间
How Long It Takes

维州最高法院说明，从开始申请到拿到批准「可能需要数周」：意向通知要先满 15 天，公布的审核时间是 5 到 10 个工作日，但近期可能有延误。
The Court says it may take several weeks from starting to receiving a grant: the notice must run for 15 days, the published review time is 5 to 10 working days, and there may currently be delays.
申请 Probate 本身没有截止期限，但如果距离去世已经超过 3 年，需要在宣誓书里解释延迟原因。
There is no deadline to apply, but if more than three years have passed since death, you must explain the delay in the affidavit.

📦 拿到 Probate 以后：执行人要做什么
After the Grant: The Executor’s Job

法院发出 Probate 后，Probate 办公室的工作就结束了，接下来由执行人负责管理遗产。
Once the grant issues, the Probate Office’s role ends and the executor administers the estate.

• 收集资产：把 Probate 交给银行、股票登记处、过户机构。
  Collect assets by giving the grant to banks, share registries and the land registry.
• 清偿债务：先付丧葬费、合理费用和逝者的债务。
  Pay debts, including funeral costs, proper expenses and the deceased’s liabilities.
• 处理税务：通常需要为逝者办理最后一份报税，必要时为遗产报税。
  Deal with tax, usually including a final return for the deceased and, if needed, estate returns.
• 按遗嘱分配：分配前确认没有未解决的申索。
  Distribute under the will after checking there are no unresolved claims.

🌏 海外执行人和海外资产
Overseas Executors and Overseas Assets

执行人人在中国或其他国家，也可以申请维州 Probate，但宣誓书的见证、文件公证认证、邮寄原件都要提前安排。
An executor in China or elsewhere can still apply in Victoria, but witnessing the affidavit, certifying documents and posting the original will need planning.
澳洲的 Probate 一般只解决澳洲境内的资产，海外资产要按当地法律另行办理。
An Australian grant generally deals with Australian assets; overseas assets must be handled under local law.
如果涉及国内房产，可以看我们的 中国房产继承与澳洲遗嘱指南。
For property in China, see our guide to inheriting property in China.

其他州的逝者资产需要在当地申请，或把维州的 Probate 在当地「重新盖章」（reseal），具体要看资产所在州的规定。
Assets in other states may need a local application or a reseal of the Victorian grant, depending on that state’s rules.

⚖️ 执行人的责任：不只是「跑手续」
Executor Duties: More Than Paperwork

执行人要对受益人负责
Executors answer to the beneficiaries

执行人要诚实、谨慎地管理遗产，把遗产资金和自己的钱分开，并保留所有收支记录。
An executor must manage the estate honestly and carefully, keep estate money separate from their own, and keep records of every receipt and payment.
受益人可以要求执行人说明遗产的情况，处理不当的执行人可能要承担个人责任。
Beneficiaries can ask the executor to account for the estate, and an executor who mismanages it may be personally liable.

执行人可以拒绝或请人代办吗
Can an executor decline or get help?

被指定的执行人在开始处理遗产之前，一般可以选择不接受这个角色；已经开始处理后再退出会复杂很多。
A named executor can generally decline the role before starting to deal with the estate; stepping away after starting is much harder.
执行人也可以委托律师处理具体手续，合理的专业费用一般可以从遗产中支付。
An executor can also engage a lawyer for the work, and reasonable professional costs are generally paid from the estate.

不办 Probate 会有什么后果
What if nobody applies?

如果资产必须凭 Probate 才能释放，一直不申请，资产就会一直冻结，房产无法出售或过户。
If assets can only be released with a grant, failing to apply leaves them frozen and property cannot be sold or transferred.
时间拖得越长，找文件、找证人、解释延迟的难度都会增加。
The longer it drags on, the harder it becomes to find documents and witnesses and to explain the delay.

🗺️ 澳洲其他州怎么办
What About Other Australian States?

Probate 由各州、领地的最高法院分别办理，流程、表格、刊登要求和收费都不一样。
Probate is handled separately by each state and territory Supreme Court, with different procedures, forms, advertising rules and fees.
一般来说，资产在哪个州，就看那个州的要求；跨州资产可能需要在多个州办理或 reseal。
Generally the rules of the state where the assets are located apply, and cross-border estates may need applications or reseals in more than one state.

情况 Situation	一般处理方式 Usual approach
逝者住在维州，资产都在维州 Lived and held assets in Victoria	在维州最高法院申请 Apply to the Supreme Court of Victoria
逝者住在维州，在新州也有房产 Victorian resident with NSW property	维州申请后，可能需要在新州 reseal Apply in Victoria, then possibly reseal in NSW
逝者在海外去世，在维州有资产 Died overseas with Victorian assets	可能需要在维州申请或 reseal 外国授权 May need a Victorian grant or a reseal of the foreign grant

🚫 常见错误
Common Mistakes

• 用复印件申请：Probate 必须提交遗嘱原件。
  Applying with a copy — probate requires the original will.
• 意向通知没满 15 天就递交。
  Filing before the notice has run for 15 days.
• 资产清单漏报或估值随意，后续被要求补充。
  Leaving assets out of the inventory or guessing values, leading to requisitions.
• 拿到 Probate 马上把钱全部分掉，忽略 6 个月申索期。
  Distributing everything immediately and ignoring the six-month claim period.
• 执行人自己是受益人又和其他家人有矛盾，却不留记录。
  An executor who is also a beneficiary and in conflict with family keeping no records.

🤝 HWC Legal 能帮你做什么
How HWC Legal Can Help

• 判断是否需要 Probate，以及每项资产的处理方式。
  Advise whether probate is needed and how each asset should be dealt with.
• 代办 RedCrest 意向通知、宣誓书、资产清单和递交。
  Handle the RedCrest notice, affidavit, inventory and filing.
• 协助海外执行人办理见证、公证和文件寄送。
  Help overseas executors with witnessing, certification and document logistics.
• 遗产管理、分配和家庭供养申请的风险评估。
  Assist with administration, distribution and family provision risk.

💰 价格匹配
Price Match

拿其他机构的正式报价来，同等服务条件下我们可以匹配价格。
Bring a formal quote from another provider and we can match it for the same scope of service.

👉 需要办理维州遗产认证或立遗嘱？请看 HWC Legal 澳洲遗嘱与遗产服务。
Need help with probate or a will in Victoria? See our Wills & Estates page.

❓ 常见问题 FAQ

来源 Sources：Supreme Court of Victoria – How to apply；Probate Office fees 2026–27；Probate Office FAQs；Administration and Probate Act 1958 (Vic)

免责声明：本文仅为一般法律信息，不构成法律意见；具体情况请咨询律师。信息核实日期：2026年11月。
Disclaimer: This article is general legal information only and is not legal advice. Please seek advice for your situation. Information checked November 2026.