💼澳洲被解雇了怎么办：21天内申请不公平解雇，2026最新门槛和赔偿上限 Unfair Dismissal in Australia 2026

【本文摘要】
✅ 在澳洲被解雇，向公平工作委员会（FWC）申请不公平解雇一般只有21天
✅ 先看资格：工作满6个月（小企业12个月），收入门槛2026年7月起为190,100澳元
✅ 赔偿封顶：26周工资或95,050澳元，取较低者
✅ 歧视、因请病假等原因被解雇，还可以考虑「一般保护」申请
Summary: Dismissed in Australia? You generally have 21 days to apply to the Fair Work Commission. Check eligibility, the 2026 thresholds, compensation caps and the general protections alternative.

作者：Chun Qiu | 维多利亚州执业律师 | HWC Legal Melbourne
最后更新：2026年10月

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澳洲被解雇了怎么办：21天的时钟已经开始走了
Dismissed in Australia? Your 21-Day Clock Has Already Started

很多人被解雇后先难过、先找工作，等想起来要维权时，最关键的21天已经过去了。
Many people grieve and job-hunt first; by the time they think about their rights, the crucial 21 days are gone.

📑 目录 Contents

1. 被解雇后先做的3件事 First three steps
2. 谁有资格申请 Who is eligible
3. 什么算不公平 What makes it unfair
4. 另一条路：一般保护 General protections
5. 申请流程和费用 Process and fees
6. 能得到什么 Remedies
7. 持签证的员工注意 Visa holders
8. 雇主须知 For employers
9. 我们能怎么帮你 How we can help
10. 常见问题 FAQ

⏱️ 被解雇后先做的3件事 The First Three Steps

1️⃣ 算清楚21天 Count your 21 days

不公平解雇申请一般要在解雇生效后21天内递交，从生效日的第二天开始算。
An unfair dismissal application generally must be lodged within 21 days after the dismissal takes effect, counting from the next day.

逾期只有在特殊情况下才可能被接受，不要指望事后补救。
Late applications are accepted only in exceptional circumstances, so do not rely on fixing it later.

2️⃣ 保存证据 Keep the evidence

• 解雇信、邮件、短信和聊天记录 Termination letter, emails, texts and chats
• 劳动合同、职位描述、工资单 Employment contract, job description, payslips
• 警告信、绩效评估、会议记录 Warnings, performance reviews, meeting notes
• 同事的联系方式（可能的证人） Contact details of colleagues who may be witnesses

3️⃣ 先别急着签字 Don’t rush to sign

有些雇主会让你签和解协议或放弃索赔的文件，签之前先弄清楚你放弃了什么。
Some employers ask you to sign a settlement or release; understand what you are giving up before signing.

✅ 谁有资格申请 Who Is Eligible

条件 Requirement	具体要求 Details
最短工作期 Minimum employment period	一般满6个月；员工少于15人的小企业要满12个月 Generally 6 months; 12 months for small businesses with fewer than 15 employees
收入门槛 High income threshold	2026年7月1日起为每年190,100澳元；超过且不受Award或企业协议覆盖的，一般不能申请 $190,100 from 1 July 2026; above it and not covered by an award or agreement, generally not eligible
临时工 Casual employees	有规律、有系统地工作，并合理预期继续受雇的，才计入工作期 Only regular and systematic casual work with a reasonable expectation of continuing counts
申请期限 Time limit	解雇生效后21天内 Within 21 days after the dismissal takes effect

计算小企业人数时，要把被解雇的员工、有规律的临时工，以及关联公司（包括海外关联公司）的员工都算进去。
When counting employees for the small business test, include the dismissed employee, regular casuals and employees of associated entities, including overseas ones.

⚖️ 什么算不公平 What Makes a Dismissal Unfair

不公平解雇一般是指解雇「苛刻、不公正或不合理」（harsh, unjust or unreasonable）。
A dismissal is generally unfair if it is harsh, unjust or unreasonable.

FWC 会综合考虑：有没有正当理由、有没有告诉你理由并给你回应的机会、开会时能否带支持人、之前是否就表现问题警告过你等。
The Commission considers whether there was a valid reason, whether you were told the reason and given a chance to respond, whether you could bring a support person, and whether you were warned about performance.

真正的裁员是指岗位确实不再需要，雇主按规定协商，并考虑过合理的内部调岗。
A genuine redundancy means the job is no longer needed, consultation was carried out, and reasonable redeployment was considered.

🛡️ 另一条路：一般保护 General Protections

如果你是因为请病假、怀孕、投诉、加入工会、种族或年龄等原因被解雇，可能属于违反「一般保护」条款。
If you were dismissed for taking sick leave, pregnancy, making a complaint, union membership, race or age, it may breach the general protections.

一般保护申请同样要在21天内提出，而且不受6个月工作期和收入门槛的限制。
General protections dismissal claims also have a 21-day limit, but the minimum employment period and income threshold do not apply.

⚠️ 同一次解雇，一般只能在不公平解雇和一般保护中选一条路，选之前最好先咨询。
⚠️ For the same dismissal you generally have to choose one path, so get advice before choosing.

📝 申请流程和费用 Process and Fees

1. 在 FWC 网站递交申请表（Form F2） Lodge Form F2 with the Fair Work Commission
2. 雇主提交答复 The employer files a response
3. FWC 安排调解会议，大部分案件在这一步和解 A conciliation conference, where many cases settle
4. 调解不成的，进入听证或会议，由委员决定 If not settled, a hearing or conference and a decision

2026年7月1日起申请费为92.70澳元，经济困难的可以按 FWC 规定申请减免。
From 1 July 2026 the filing fee is $92.70; a waiver may be sought for financial hardship under the Commission’s rules.

💵 能得到什么 Remedies

救济方式 Remedy	说明 Details
复职 Reinstatement	FWC 首先考虑的救济方式 The primary remedy the Commission considers
赔偿 Compensation	最多26周工资或95,050澳元（2026-27），取较低者 Capped at the lower of 26 weeks’ pay or $95,050 (2026–27)
和解 Settlement	双方在调解中协商的金额和条件 Terms agreed between the parties at conciliation

赔偿金额会考虑你的工作年限、找新工作的努力和期间的收入等因素，并不是自动拿到上限。
Compensation takes into account length of service, efforts to find new work and income since, so the cap is not automatic.

🛂 持签证的员工注意 If You Hold a Work Visa

持 482 等雇主担保签证的员工被解雇，除了劳动法问题，还会影响签证：一般需要在规定时间内找到新担保雇主、转其他签证或离境。
If you hold an employer-sponsored visa such as a 482, dismissal also affects your visa: you generally must find a new sponsor, change visa or depart within a set time.

劳动争议和签证期限要同时处理，具体期限请个案确认。雇主担保路径可以参考 482转186全流程。
Employment and visa deadlines must be managed together; confirm your timeframe individually. See our 482 to 186 guide.

🏢 雇主须知 For Employers

• 解雇前给出理由，并给员工回应的机会 Give reasons and a chance to respond
• 表现问题先警告、留记录 Warn and document performance issues
• 允许员工带支持人参加会议 Allow a support person
• 小企业按照公平解雇守则操作并保留证据 Small businesses should follow the Code and keep evidence
• 裁员前按 Award 或协议规定协商 Consult as required by the award or agreement

买卖或重组小生意涉及员工安排的，可以参考 澳洲买卖小生意法律指南。
If you are buying, selling or restructuring a small business, see our small business sale guide.

🤝 我们能怎么帮你 How HWC Legal Can Help

HWC Legal 位于墨尔本，可以帮你评估是否有资格申请、准备不公平解雇或一般保护申请、陪同调解，也可以帮雇主审查解雇流程。
HWC Legal in Melbourne can assess eligibility, prepare unfair dismissal or general protections applications, attend conciliation, and review dismissal processes for employers.

每个案件情况不同，结果取决于事实和证据，我们不会承诺结果。
Every case is different and outcomes depend on the facts and evidence; we do not promise results.

💰 价格匹配：如果你拿到其他机构的正式报价，在同等服务条件下，我们可以匹配。
💰 Price match: bring a formal quote from another firm and we can match it for the same scope of service.

❓ 常见问题 FAQ

参考来源 Sources：Fair Work Ombudsman – Unfair dismissal；Fair Work Commission – Application fee 2026-27；VGSO – Key 1 July 2026 employment law rates。

免责声明：本文为一般信息，截至2026年10月，不构成法律意见。具体情况请咨询执业律师。
Disclaimer: General information current as of October 2026, not legal advice. Please seek advice for your situation.